Aperture

                                                                    Aperture

Aperture is a setting on a lot of camera's, this can make the picture focused on a certain object while having a blurred background. To do this you have to have the Aperture on a low setting and once you take the photo it will focus on the main object, this will also have less light in the photo as it will stop more light from getting in. However, you can also have a very clear picture with a clear background, this has a focus on the full photo, to do this you will have to put the Aperture on a high setting, this will also have more light as the lens lets more light get in.
I could use this in my photo taking as i may want an object to stand out from the rest of the photo, I could also use the blurred background effect as this will make my pictures look professional. I could also use this for taking my own photos if i want a very clear picture of everything.

 

In this photo i made the aperture high, this made the mouse stand out and the background go fuzzy, when using high aperture this focuses on the main object which brings all the attention to the most important piece in the picture.







 In this photo i made the aperture low, this made the photo very clear and didn't focus on any objects.
When you make the aperture low, this makes the photo clear all over and doesn't make the main object stand out as much as it would if i made the aperture high.When you have a low aperture this can make your picture dark, as it has done with this image, as you can see from the top photo.

What is a camera?

                                                   The History Of a Camera

The first ever camera known to man was made by a man called Alexander Wolcott, On may the 8th 1840. He was also one of the first to open the earliest Photography shop, in New York, known as a Daguerran parlor, However the earliest photographs were not taken with Alexander Wolcott's invention. 
Joseph Nicephore Niepce used a sliding wooden box to take photographs in 1826.  
This sliding box could capture images by using a mixture of silver and chalk exposed under a light source. Johann Heinrich Schultz discovered this silver and chalk method in 1724.

The first camera invented by Mr. Wolcott could take candid photos and Mr. Wolcott used the daguerreotype process to reproduce the images on paper. It incorporated all of the previous discoveries made with regards to the creation of a box that uses light to reflect images and the development of images on paper.

This is the first camera ever invented.











Types of camera's 

There are two types of cameras, the point-and-shoot and the SLR. Both types come in film or digital varieties.


The functions 

Most people opt for point-and-shoot cameras, which are small and compact. They have automatic functions that make them ideal for taking on trips. SLR stands for "single lens reflex." This refers to how the camera lets light enter it. SLRs are larger and more awkward to lug around, but they take much better pictures than point-and-shoot cameras.

The Features

Point-and-shoot cameras are simple to use and easy to carry, though they can have some manual functions. But if you want excellent picture quality and professional-looking pictures, an SLR camera is a better choice. SLRs give you more control over the look of your image and more options, because you can change lenses.

This is an SLR camera, which is much more expensive than a point and shoot camera, However, this camera is a point and shoot camera, which is a lot cheaper and easier to use.

Exposure Triangle - Manual mode only

Using manual mode allows you to decide on your own decisions on the shutter speed, aperture and ISO, for example, these are some photo's i have taken on manual mode.

For this photo we made the shutter speed very high (1/4000)
This allowed us to get the coin dropping without it having a blur and smudge, However the aperture was 3.5 which is quite low so that Callum and the penny were in focus but the back ground was quite blurred, this also allowed just enough light in so that we could see the penny dropping. for the ISO we had this very low which allows the picture to be smooth and good quality, however, if we had this high, the picture would of seems gritty and rough.

For this photo i made the speed shutter very slow, this made the photo smudged and didn't get the car looking as though it was staying still, The ISO on this photo was quite high as the photo looks quite grainy and sharp. The aperture was high as the photo is very light.

For this photo the shutter speed is very high, this allowed us to capture the photo, making us look like were almost not moving. The apeture on this photo isnt very high and is quite low because the picture isnt very light. The ISO on this photo is inbetween high and low as the picture is quite smooth but not too smoth.

Composition and framing

Composition and Framing

This picture that i have taken is an example of leading lines. Leading lines is when you capture a photo and the lines lead you down/up the photo, For example, in this photo the lines are the side of the walls in the corrie door and they are leading you right to the bottom. I could use leading lines to take pictures of alley ways and pavements/streets.

This picture that i have taken is a portrait, rule of thirds. This is when you take a picture of someone with the grid, instead of having the person bang on in the middle, you can use the grid to line the head and shoulders up to make it look less boring, when taking this photo the squares focus on the person/object making the background blurry. I could use rule of thirds for portraits and landscapes, this can make the photo have more to it, instead of something being bang in the middle it can be to the side and more to look at.

This photo i have taken my self is an example of framing, framing is when you have things coming into the photo at the side/bottom or top of the photo making the photo look as though it almost has a frame around it.














These last two photos are examples symmetry, symmetry  is when you take a photo of someone and there reflection or a women looking in a puddle, i didn't know what to do for this one but i thought a shadow would work this is a very poor image for symmetry as it hasn't worked very well.

Focal Length

                                         Focal Length

Different lens have different focal lengths, For example here are some pictures i have take with different focal lengths. 

For this Photo on the left, i used the length 18mm, For this photo i had taken it very close to Emily's Face, however for the photo on the right i stepped back and zoomed in, i used the length 55mm, For the photo on the left it makes Emily's face seem longer and wider, this also gets every bit of detail, on the other hand, the photo on the right makes doesn't make Emily's face look long and wide, but doesn't catch every bit of detail. When taking a photo at 18mm it captures a wider and longer photo, On the other hand if you use 55mm it makes the photo less wider than the 18mm. The further away the picture the better picture you will have. i could use a low focal length to capture landscapes, Or i could use a higher focal length for things such as portraits and wildlife, because the further away you are the better the photo looks, however if your closer this can make things look bigger and wider than they are.

Speed Shutter

                                   Speed shutter

 Speed shutter is how slow or fast the camera captures a photo,When changing the shutter speed this allows the photographer to either freeze or slow down the action of taking the photo.
Shutter speed is defined by fractions of a second, for example 1/4000 1/2000 1/800 1/200 1/50 1/20.
The faster the shutter speed the better you can capture photos, if you take a photo on slow shutter speed of someone running this will make the picture blurry and smudged, however if you take a photo of someone running on a fast shutter speed it will make the photo look like the person isnt running as you have taken it that fast.
i could use a fast shutter speed to capture fireworks and birds flying in the sky, this would capture the fire works or birds very well and you could see this clearly, However, i could use a slow shutter speed to capture a picture of a man running, this would make the image blurry and would show that the man is moving.

With this picture we used a slow shutter speed which made the picture Blurry and fuzzy as the camera takes the photo slow so doesn’t manage to capture the picture being still. By capturing this photo with a slow shutter speed it allows us to capture the movement of the car. I like this image as i think it creates a really cool effect on the image and makes the image look quite professional. i think using a low shutter speed is different and unique. 

With this picture we used a fast shutter speed, this made the picture very still and you can’t tell the picture is moving, The camera take the photo fast and captures the picture making the object look still. In this picture you cant tell things are moving as the picture isn’t burred.